Leather-grading machine.



E. P. NICHOLS. LEATHER GRADING MACHINE,

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9,1906.

Patarted Oct. 13, 1914.

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LEaTHEfi GR." ENG A INE.

APPLICATION HLBD JUL 1906.

1., 1 1 3,472. Patented 001;. 13, 1914,

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E. P. NICHOLS.

LEATHER GRADING MACHINE.

APPLIUATEUN TILED JULY 9,1906.

, 1,1 13,472. Patented 0ct.13, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ELMER P. NICHOLS, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASBIGNOR TO LACENE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0? MM CHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE, A COBPOBA TION OF MAINE.

LEATHEiJlRADING MACHINE.

Patented0ct. 13,1914.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, ELMER P. Nxcnons, a. citizen of United States, residing at Manchester, in the county of Hillsboro and State of New Hampshire, have invented an Improvement in Leather-Grading Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the acco partying drawings, is a specification, like =etters on the drawin 8 representing like parts.

y present invention is a simplified form of leather-grading and marking machine, bein an improvement on the invention set fort in my foundation patent Reissue No. 12,288 dated Nov. 22, 1904. In my said pat-- cut I provide feeding mechanism which carrics the leather piece beneath it feeler which travels over the leather piece and transmits its varying determinations to a gaging mechanism and the letter is automatically locked at the proper time and then the measurement thus found is trztnsinitted to a grading or marking mechanism which marks the leather piece as the latter is fed beneath it. This measures a thin spot. In a subseqiuhit application now Patent No. 841,809 dated Jan. 22, 1907, I have set forth means for determining the thinnest spot in a given area. My resent invention determines and marks t e thinnest spot in the piece, or in any given area, or portion of the piece, and accomplishes the result by very different and much more simple mechunism than before. There is no feeding mechanism, the entire given area is all felt of simultaneously, there is solely a pressing or :1 vertical engagement of the leather and hence no rubbing or thinning-down movement over the leather, the feelers engage according to a predetermined pattern or contour, the machine is manually controlled, the dial or marker is positively and directly locked and unlocked, so that it is exactly accurate, cannot slip, etc, and there are various other features of simplicity, durability and accuracy. which, together with a furtheir explanation of the leading advantages,

will be set forth in the following description.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a. preferred form of my invention, specially adapted to died-out leather, such is}; soles, taps, top-lifts, counters, and the In the drawings, Fi ure 1 is a central vertical sectional view t rough the machine; Fig. 2 shows the 0 rating mechanism in side elevation, parts ing broken away and sectioned to exhibit more clearly said operating mechanism; Fig. 3 shows in top plan the vertical slide and adjacent parts, the adjacent uprights 1, 2 being sectioned; Fig. 4 shows in vertical section, taken centrally of the driving shaft, the adjacent ports; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the feelers and adjacent parts; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view of one of the feelers and the adjacent parts, portions thereof being broken away and sectioned to exhibit the internal construction.

It is frequently desirable to furnish cut soles, taps or half-soles, etc, to the trade, simply graded, without being evened. This enables the shoe-manufacturer to exercise his own judgment as to whether he will even closely and accurately or not. Hence the sup 1y house does not need the evening mec nmism of my previous machine, and I have accordingly invented a much simplitied and more economical machine, specially designed for such uses, a machine, moreover, which is extremely accurate and re liable, not-liable to get out of order, and so constructed that it cannot be interfered with or become'clogged with dust, or the like.

The leading features of my present invention may be embodied in a wide variety of mechanical details, one of the preferred mechanism being herein set forth. Between suitable uprights 1, 2, of the frame are carrier plates 3, 4, separated to provide a pocket or holder opening 5 for a templet or pattern 6. These carrier lates are provided with atseriw of radiating slots or uideways 7 in which are slidingly mounted eeler carriers 8, consisting of upper and lower hubs 9, 10, whose laterally extended fiat ends maintain certainty of position. be ing connected by hollow necks 11 in which are longitudinally movable feeler pins or detectors 12 normally held upwardly as shown by heavy springs 13 for flattening out the leather piece and maintaining their blunt top ends 14 in unremitting engagement with the under side of the flattened leather piece 15, being graded as will presently be explained, said feeler carriers 8 also carrying guards or position controllers 16, yieldingly supported on springs 17. These carriers 8 are held yieldingly toward each other by any suitable means, as springs 18, 19, and have loose connection with :1 ga ing lever 20 by means of a steel link 21 an a lever 22 and horizontal head 23, slot-- ted to correspond to the carrier plates, said head having its depending stem 23' held in a long bearing 24 and adapted to be raised ,by the engagement therewith of any one or more of e adjusting nuts or flanged ends 25 of the upwardly impelled feelers 12.

The gaging lever is normally retracted by a ring 26, acting .in opposition to the springs 13 to take up all wear and prevent lost motion, and to insure accuracy of move ment, and at its upper end 27 is adjustably connected at 28 to a long arm 29 provided with a fine rack 30 engaging a pinion 31 of the grade indicator. aid arm 29, together with the rack and pinion, constitute controlling means for the indicator which serves as the preferred means for classifying the stock; and the mechanism back to, and including, the feelers or detectors 12 constitutes means for setting or adjustin said controllin means and, thereby, sai indicater. T e machine of the drawings indirates the grade b actually stamping or marking it on the leather pieces, and 1s of the wheel type. The pinion 31 is fast on a die or marking wheel 32 journaled at its opposite ends in a slide 33 (shown as cons sting of two parallel parts rigidly connected to retain between them said wheel) moving in ways 34 of a carrier frame or actuator 35, operating vertically between the upper ends of the uprights 1, 2, and provided at its lower end with a blank flattener or stockengaging pressure-plate 36. The actuator 35 is vertically guided so as to move the stockengaging plate 36 to approach the detectors or feelers 12'trul parallel thereto until said plate meets the leather piece, and. then the actuator 35 continues on downward, thereby actuating the feelers or detectors 12, in opposition to their springs 13 With an increasing pressure and as required in accordance with the thiclmcss of the leather piece. The plate 36 bears down upon the top of the leather piece laced on the feelers or detectors 12 and t ereb actuates the latter to set the grading w eel 32. The carrier frame 35 is held upwardly by springs 37 and is actuated manually or by power by an suitable means, being preferably operate continuously by a shaft 38, driven by a belt pulley 39 and provided with cam surfaces 40, 41, 42 for respectively operating the carrier frame 35,

e5 slide 33 and a locking detent 43 which is I normally moved by a spring 44 in opposition to the cam surface 42 to engage radial dey pressions 45 on the grade indicator wheel 32, thereby positively locking said wheel when set by the rack 30, etc. Steel wear plates 46, 47, are mounted in dovetail grooves, see Fig. l, in the carrier frame 35 and slide 33 to engage the cam surfaces 40, t1, and a clutch 48 operated by a foot. lever, not shown, is provided for starting or stopping the 1nachine as desired. The work is fed to the feelers beneath the pressure plate 36 which is cut away obliquely at 4-9 to enable the operator to read the mark on the leather as he is withdrawing it.

The manner of using my machine is exceedingly simple. Let it be supposed that soles are to be graded. These come from the cutting room in bunches arranged by sizes. The operator selects a pattern corresponding to the given size of soles to be graded, and inserts it in the opening 5 of the pattern holder. The pattern presses against the necks ll of the feeler carriers 8, thereby separating the feelers 12 to correspond exactly to the outline or perimeter of the soles to be graded. For ordinary purposes of taps and soles five feelers arranged as shown to engage the critical points of the edges of a sole will detect the thinnestspot in that portion of the sole with reference to which the sole must be graded, but the number and arrangement of feelers will be varied to suit the kind and character of the work. Having thus spaced and set the feelers in the predetermincd arrangement. all that remains necessary to do is to start the machine and rest one sole after another on top of the feelers 12, the guards or po*tion controllers 1G automatically guiding tbe bl:1nl s into correct position so as to bring their edges over the ends of the feelers. As the shaft 38 turns, it causes the cam 40, operating through frame 35, to depress the presser plate 30 into engagement with the sole which is immediately flattened out. by the powerful combined pressures of all the fecler springs 13. The feelers at the same time are all held up by their respective springs 13 hard against the sole edge and hence operate simultaneously to determine the relative thickness and thinness of the sole-edge over the desired region the head 23 being held up or positioned and controlled by that feeler which is depressed the least by the sole, 0., by that fecler which happens to engage the solo at the thinnest. point to be detected, the other feelers being meanwhile moved by the thicker portions of the sole down slightly away from said head 23, with the result that the particular feeler, whichever it may be, that engages or detects the thinnest spot thereby determines the height or movement of the head long-lever arrangement of parts 22, 21, 20, 29, 30, 31, to rotate the grade indicator to the precise distance required to brin the correct mark into marking position. T ereupon the cam all? releases the detent -13 which caused by spring 44 to interlock with the adjacent recess or notch of the grade indicator or marking wheel 32, thereby locking the grade indicator in this position, and then the cam 41 engages the slide 33 which quickly lowers the marking wheel into stampmg contact with the leather. This marks the measured grade upon the solo. The rack lever 29 is so long and is so nearly horizontal at the moment of marking that the slight vertical movement due to the cam 41 cannot affect the rotary position or accir racy of the marking wheel. The user can vary the marking to full or scant, by the adjustment at 28. The parts of the machine are so arranged and are constructed to have so ittle movement that it is feasible to inclose the entire mechanism as indicated at 1, 2, and 50.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that my present invention reduces not only tllGJlIH-Klllfllllflll but the operation to an exceedingly simple minimum. After setting the feelers, (which constitute the leather-engaging detecting means) he simply pushes the unmarked sole beneath tlt table or plate 36 and pulls it back graded and marked. He does not even have to let go of it, and, observing the mark as he withdraws the Work, he at once throws it into its proper rack. The cam movement controlling the presser plate 36 is so timed that the latter remains up and stationary during over half of the revolution, thereby giving ample time for inserting and removinn the soles. and hence permitting the machine to run continuously. I havg so arranged the locking mechanism that the locking dog or pawl operates directly on the grade indicatonso that there is no possibility of slip, lost motion or other inaccuracy.

Perhaps the most, important improvement as to certaintv and positiveness of measuring action, is the arrangementwhereby the feeler movement is compelled to be certain and definite, due to the fact that the presser plate is simply lowered and the feeler pins are thereby simply pressed downwardly, there being no following movement dependent upon the springs or the like for aiding the feeling as in my previous constructions. In the Presentconstruction the plate 36 is unyicldingly forced straight down upon the leather piece, which in turn unyieldingly forces the feelers l2 straight down, the only variation in tlll downward movement. of the dili'erent feelers being due to the variations in thickness of the leather.

ncss) of the determinations must be accurate. The fact that there is no traveling detecting movement also aids 1n securing this some object of accuracy of determining the thin spots. In my previous mechanisms the 'tcelcr or feelers were required to slide or roll over the leather, being raised or moved away by the thick places and caused to fall into thin places by the action of controlling springs, so that if a feeler should stick the work would be inaccurate, or if the work passed more rapidly than the spring action could compensate for, the work would also be inaccurate. Instead of having the feelers pass over and respond each to a plurality of spots in the leather piece, I provide a plurality of feelers each responding to one spot only in the leather piece, and instead of selecting that movement of one feeler which corresponds to the thinest of the plurality of spots detected by said one feeler, I provide mechanism for selecting and transmitting the movement of the one feeler, among the many feelers, which happens to engage and detect the thinest spot of the plurality of thin spots detected individually by the individual feelers.

Bearing in mind that leather is all bought by the pound, and that even a single pair of mens large soles will weigh fully a pound, and, if a fine grade, will average forty rents in value, it will be apparent that the success from a practical standp int of a machine of this character depends upon 100 its absolute accuracy, as a variation of a quarter iron for instance (2'. e., 1/192 of an inch) would make a difference of 1.00 pounds or $40 in a days work of eight thousand pairs of soles. Hence it has been my en- 105 deavor in the present machine to eliminate all sources of possible inaccuracy in my previous mechanism. To the same end I have devised an arrangement which permits the use of a very large die or marking 110 wheel, so that the numbers or grade marks thereon can be spaced sufliciently apart to prevent any possibility of confusion, and also so that there is a maximum amplitude of movement for each 'grade indicated. The 116 presser plate 36 is positively depressed by the cam 40 upon the leather, which is flattened out and caused to positively press down the feelers, the rack 30 and pinion 31 positively turn the die wheel in its adjust- 120 ment, and then the cams 40, and 42 positively hold all of said parts in unchangeuhle position while the cam 41 quickly depresses the stamp or marking die or wheel to designate the grade upon the leather.

The marking, it will be observed, is done on. the foirpaiit as distinguished from the heelpart and hence the marking is done with ink. as an indented mark would injure the U The result is that the thickness (or thinl sole, applied at this point (said inking portion of the machine being omitted inasmuch.

as any oriilinary inl'-applying devi e may be used). For this reason also it is no.- necessary to support the sole directly beneath themarking wheel, the sn 'iporting thereof at the edges by the series of feelers being sufiicient.

In many respects, as will be evident from the claims, 1 consider my present invention as broadly new, and accordingly capable of a wide variety of mechanical embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. although subordinate to my two patents before mentioned.

By the term grading means" I mean any means for designating. as by marking, or any other way of ditferentiating or classifying, the different grades of stock, fully explained in my before mentioned Patent No. 841,809. Certain of the claims are more specifically limited to particular grading means, under the term gradedndicating" means, by which is meant means serving to classifythe leather'either directly or indirectly by engagement with the leather or in some way bringing in a distinguishing element in connection with the leather piece, whereby the result of the leather-engaging detecting means is indicated to the operator or is otherwise made available.

I do not herein claim the provision of powenactnated stock grading mechanism to grade the leather piece with reference to the thinnest spot detected by the feelcr mechanism, combined with gaging or setting mechanisin operating independently of the power mechanism to adjust said grading mechanism in accordance with the fceler mecha nism, nor certain other features hcrcin shown but claimed broadly in my co-pending application S01. No. 219,755 filed An", 6, 1901-. Nor do I claim herein the generic provision of edge detecting means, broadly, located a d restricted to operate with reference to t e rim or periphery of the died-out stock for detecting the thinnest of the plurality of thin spots felt of around the edge of said stock, nor the provision of fceler mechanism located to the leather piece on its under side, nor, broadly, the provision, in connection with the aforesaid arrangement of feeler mechanism. of upwardly pressing spring; counterhalancing means, as the generic claims to both of these features are contained [in connection with a different species of these features of invention) in my co-pending application, Ser. No. 418,008, filed February Q7, 1908; Where also are the generic claims for the means for cooperating with the fccler mechanism for, increasing the pressure of the latter on the stock after the stock is first engaged thereby; and in my application Serial No. 507,728, filed July 15, 1909, l have claimed (in connection with a different species) that feature of my present invention relating to providing means adjacent the plurality of feelcr posts and independent of the grading means for causing the stock to be gripped with an increased pressure from said posts after the stock is first en Haring described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. In a machine of the kind described, a grade marker for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means constructed and operating to detect by vertical pressure only, a thin spot in the leather, means to maintain said detecting means, and the leather, at their point of mutual engagement, relatively stationary during the detecting operation, connecting mechanism, including means actuated by said detecting means, to set said grade niarlcer, means to lock the latter as set, and means to operate the marker to mark the leather piece, substantially as described.

52. In a machine of the kind described, a grade marker for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detectinn means constructed and operating to detect and select by vertical engagement, pressure and movement only, with relation to the leather, the thinnest spot among a plurality of edge spots engaged and detected in Said leather, means for holding the leather stationary with relation to the engaging portions of said detecting means which engages the leather, while said edge-spots are being detected, connecting mechanism, including means actuated by said detecting means to set said grade marker, and separate and independent means to operate said grade marker to mark on the leather the dctcctcd grade, sul'istantially as described.

3. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with melans to detect the thinnest spot in aplurality of spots of different thi knesses in a predetermined area, said latter meansincluding mechanism operating simultaneously at said plurality of spots, means for holding the leather stationary with relation to the portion of said detecting means which engages the leather, during the detecting operation, and conncctions from said detecting means for setting said grading means in accordance with the said thinnest spot, and means for operating said grading means as thus set, substantially as described.

t. In a machine of the kind described, detecting mechanism. responsive to the varying, thicknesses throughout a considerable portion of the length of a leather piece, grading means, means controlled by the dctccting mechanism and constructed and arranged to respond to the thinnest spot detected in said predetermined length of stock for positioning said grading means with reference to the said thinnest spot, and means to maintain the leather piece stationary against lateral movement during said move ment of the detcting mechanism, substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the kind described, edgetliickness detecting mechanism to detect thin spots at a plurality of points at each of the edges of :1 died piece of stock, and including edge-detecting devices located and restricted to cpcrate at said plurality of edge-spots, mechanism for maintaining the died piece stationary against lill. era] movement with relation to said devices while the latter are operating at said pin-- rality of edge-spots thereof, grading means. and mechanism controllahly related to all of the edge'deteeting devices but selectively controlled by the one or ones thereof which detects the thinnest of the lurality of said thin spots. for correspondingly adjusting said grading means. substantially as described.

6. In a machine of the kind described, de tecting mechanism containing means rusponsive to the varying thicknesses throughout a considerable portion of the length of a leather pine, grading means for grading said leather piece in accordance with the detecting mechanism. means operable by and controllably related to the entire responsive means but selectively controlledby that portion thereof which measures the thinnest spot detected. for regulating said grading: means with reference to said thinnest spot detcctd, and means for maintaining the leather pie e immoval'rle in an cdgcwiw tll rcction with relation to the engaging portion of said detecting mechanismkluring the engagement thereof with the leather piece, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the kind described. a plurality of at least three separated and independently operable feelers for engagii'ig and detecting the varying: thicknesses of a leather piece. grading means. and connec tions from said feelers to said grading means responsive only to that one of said plurality of feelers which detects the thinnest of the substantially as described.

corresponding plurality of spots so detected for setting said grading means in accordance 1 with said thinnest detected spot, and means for operating! said grading means as thus 1 I set. independent of said feelers and of movement of the leather piece, substantially as described.

8. In a machine of the kind described. a plurality of feelers for engaging and detecting the varying thicknesses of a leather piece, said feelers being located and movably operative at a corresponding plurality of spots in the leather piece while said leather piece is stationary against lateral movement in the machine, a single grading means common toall of said feelers, con nections between said single common grading means and said feelers, and controllably related to all the feelers but selectively controlled by the one which detects the thinnest spot among the plurality of spots detected by the said plurality of feelers, for setting said grading means in accordance with said thinnest detected spot, and means for so maintainin the leather piece stationary, suhstantialliv as described.

i). In a machine of the kind described, a plurality of feelers for engaging and detecting the Varying thicknesses of a leather piece, a single grading means common to all the feelers. means for maintaining the piece stationary against lateral movement with relation to the feelers while beingnngaged thereby, and connections from said feelers to said grading means operative While said maintaining means is maintaining the leather piece thus stationary in the machine and controllahly related to all the feelers but selectively controlled only by that individual fecler which detects the thinnest spot among the plurality of spots detected by the said plurality of feelers, said connections including means for setting said grading means in accordance with said thinnest dctectcd spot. substantially as described.

10. In a machine of the kind described, means to detect the thinnest spot of a plu rality of spots detected in a considerable portion of the length of a leather piece, grading means for grading the said leather piece when the hitter is stationary in the machine in operative position with relation to the detecting means, means for so holding said pie e stationary, means controllably related. to all the detecting means but selectively controlled by that portion thereof which do tccts the thinnest spot of said plurality of spots and arranged to operate prior to the grading operation of the grading means for setting said gradin means with reference to said thinnest spot. etected by said detecting means, and means independent of the detecting means-to operate said grading means when thus set, to grade the leather piece,

11. In a machine of the kind described, gradingmeans to grade shoe soles, taps. and the like, combined with means to detect the thinnest spot of a plurality of spots of different thicknesses in a predetermined area, said latter means including feeler mechanism operating by and having vertical engagement and pressure and movement only, simultaneonsly over all of said spots of said area, and means cooperating with said vertical feeler mechanism for maintaining the leather piece held toward said feeler mechanism, and ndgewise-immovahle while beingso engaged by the feelcr mechanism, and connections from said detecting means for settingsaid grading means to the thinnest measurement while the stock is still so engaged, substantially'as described. a]

12. In a machine of the kind described, a device for indicating the grade of shoe soles, taps and the like, combined with a plurality of feelers for detecting a thin spot in the leather, means for maintaining the leather piece fiat and held lrnmovably against said feelers while being graded, connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading device, and locking means operating directly upon said grading device for positively locking said leather grading device and holding the same locked until the grading of the Work has been accom lished substantially as described.

13. n a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps and the like, combined with movable feelers for detecting a thin spot -'in the leather, and mechanism cooperating with the leather and feelers for moving said feelers positively to final thinnessdeterminin position, and for maintaining the leather at and immovable edgewise with relation to the feelers while being graded and connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading means substantially as described.

14. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps and the like, combined with movable feelers for detecting a thin spot in the leather, means opposite said feelers for maintaining the leather flat and pressed toward the feelers, means for moving said pressin means, leather, and feelers together to thinness'detel-mining position, and connecting mechanism controllably related to all the feelers but selectively controlled by the one nearest said pressing means for setting said rading means to indicate the thickness 0 the stock engaged by said one of the feelers, substantially as described.

15. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means, movable actuating mechanism for positively moving said detecting means to final lenthermieasuring position, and power'actuated means, for giving said actuating mechanism a positive predetermined movement to said final position, and connecting mechanism actuated by said dotecting means to set said grading means in accordance with its leather-measuring position, substantially as described.

161,111 a machine of the kind described,

rading means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means, actuating mechanism for said detecting means movable with the detecting means in one direction to final leather-measuring position, and power means for impartinga predetermined movement to said actuating mechanism, the limit of such movement corresponding to said final leathcr-measuring position, and connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading means, substantially as described.

17. In a machine of the kind described, mechanism for engaging a leather piece on its opposite sides, including means for detecting the thinnest spot engaged, and adjustable piece-positioning controllers for engaging and positioning the leather piece at a plurality of points along its margin, sub stantially as described.

18. In a machine of the kind described, a series of three or more separately movable feelers for detecting variations in thickness of the stock felt of, combined with a pin rality of stock-positioning controllers for directing and moving the stock to a predetermined position in the machine, and adjustable to accommodate difl'ernt sizes of stock, and for governing the position of the stock with relation to the feelers, substantially as described.

19. In a machine of the kind described, a series of three or more separately movable feel rs for detecting variations in thickness of t e stock felt of, combined with a plurality of position controllers for directing and shifting the stock to a predetermined positlon in the machine and for governing the stock-positioning of the stock with relation to the feelers, said feelers and said, controllers being adjustable to accommodate dilierent sizes of stock, substantially as described.

20. In a machine of the kind described, a series of three or more separately movable feelers for detecting variations in thickness of the stock felt of, combined with a plurality of position controllers for governing the stock-positioning of the stock in the machine, said feelers and said controllers being also adjustable together to accommodate difl'erent sizes of stock, substantially as described.

11. In a machine of the kind described a plurality of finger-like supports for t e piece of stock to rest on at a corresponding plurality of places, pressure-applying means for gripping the stock thereon, and mechanism and connections cooperating with said means and supports for grading the stock according to its thickness at the thinnest one of the said plurality of places so gripped, substantially as described.

In a machine of the plurality of lingerdike supports for the piece of stock to rest on, at a corresponding plurality of places, pressure-applying means for gripping the stock thereon, position controllers for certain of said supports for en gaging the leather piece along its margin, and mechanism and connections cooperating kind described, a I

with said means-and supports for grading the stock according to its thickness at the thinnest one of the said plurality of places so gripper], substantially as described.

23. in a. machine of the kind described, a' plurality of finger-like supports for the piece of stock to rest'ou, at a corresponding" plurality of places adjustable toward and from-each other .to accommodate pieces of ditl'erent sizes, pressure-applying means for gripping the stock thereon, and mechanism and connections e05 perating with said means and supports for grading the stock accordingto its thickness at the thinnest one of llusaid plurality of places so gripped, substantially as described. v '7 24. Aanaehine of the kind described, having engaging means arranged in a curve to approximate the outline of a. piece of stock-to engage one side of said piece of stock, and adjusting means to move said engaging means to predetermined adjustments to accommodate pieces of different sizes, in combination with means coiiperating with said first mentioned means' to detect the thickness of the thinnest o rtion in a predetermined. area of said piece, substantially as described.

A machine of the kind described, have ing a series of finger-like members arranged in a curve-corresponding with the outline of a piece ofstock to be graded, means cooperating therewith to grip the stock, and means for adjusting said inQiTllJ'Ll'S to form similar curvesef difierent sizes, in combination with means coiiperating with said members and gripping means to grade the stock according to the thickness of the thinncst' portion of the piece so gripped, substantially as described. V 20.; In a machineof the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps and the like, combined with leather engaging 'detecting means-to detect a thin spot in the leather said flatter means including mechanisms for engaging.-,the opposite sides of the leather piece, position controllers for holding the leather piece in a predetermined edge-relation to the detecting means and invariably positioning successive leather pieces the same with relation to said met-ha nisms, and connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading means substantially as described.

27. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe solos, taps and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means to detect a thin spot in the leallu-r, said latter means including mechanisms for engaging the opposite sides of the leather piece, position controllers for invariably positioning succcssiv're leather pieces the same and holding said pieces stationary with relation to said mechanisms while being graded, the machine having an opening to 11 ant-i leather-engaging 'detectin permit the insertion of the leather piece between said mechanisms, and connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading means substantially as described. 1

28. In a machine of the kind'describcd, means to detect the thinnest spot in a pre etermined area of the leather. piece, means separate from said detecting means and independent in action of the leather piece for controlling and determining before the leather piece is inserted in the machine the definite prsition of the detecting means to grade the leather piee, with relation to the detecting'means and the shape and extent of said area, coiip'eratin means governed by the movement-of detecting means to grade the leathe. piece, and connecting mechanism controlla lily related to all of said detecting means but selectively controlled by that portion-bflthe detecting means which engages th l'saidthinnest spot to set said stantially as described.

29. In. a machine of the kind described,

grading means, sub-' grading means for shoe soles, tags, and the like, combined with leather-en aging detecting means including a plurality of independent feelers arranged to approximate the-contour of thefdied-out piece and arranged to engage simultaneously at a. cor responding plurality of peripheral spots separated both widthwise and lengthwise of the sole and on the same side thereof, and connecting mechanism to set said grading means controllably related to all the feelers but selectively controlled by that feeler which detects the thinnest spot among said plurality of separated spots engaged by the feelers substantially as described. I

30. in a inachine of the kind described, means for grading shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means including a plurality of movable feelers at three or more places separated, from each other in the direction of the length and also of the width of the machine and having a detecting movement for detecting the thinnest spot of a corresponding plurality of spots in a predetermined area of the sole, and connecting mechanism from said detecting means to set said grading means in accordance with the thinnest of said described.

31. In a machine of the' kind described, means for grading shoe soles, taps. and the like, combined with.leather-engaging detecting means including a plurality of independently movable feelers spaced apart from each its other both widthwise and lengthwise of'the machine and arranged to enga e the leather simultaneously at a corres )on ing plurality of spots along each edge 0 the sole and havmg a detecting movement for detecting the I), l o

' to maintain the heel end thinnestzspot of said plurality of spots, and connecting mechanism from said detecting means to set said grading means in accordance with'the thinnest of said lurality'of spots detected, substantially as escribed.

In a machine of the kind described, means, for grading shoe soles, taps, and the likg fjtombmed with leather-engaging detecfiing means includinga series of three 'or more *anutually diver-gently movable feelers spaced apart from each other both width- Wise and len hwise of the machine and hav in a detecting movement for detecting the. thinnest spot in a predetermined area of. the sole, mechanism constructed and ar ranged to cause said feelers to engage the sole about its edges, and connecting mechanism to'set said grading means in accordance with the thinnest of the plurality of sp ts detected, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detectingimeans, including a series of feelers to detect the thinnest spot in a predetermined area of the sole, said feelers being adjustable with relation to each other to positions sepa-, rated both lengthwise and \vidthwise of the machine to fit different sizes of work, a pattern to so adjust said feelers, and connecting mechanism to setsaid grading means controllably related to all the feelers but selectively controlled by the one detecting the thinnest spot, substantially as described.

34. In a machine of the kind described, grademarking means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engag ing detecting means to detect the thinnest spot of a plurality of spots of different thicknesses in a predetermined area of the work, connecting mechanism to set said marking means, means to lock said marking means, power-operated means acting independently of the setting mechanism for operating said locking means with reference to the marking means, said detecting means being constructed and arranged to receive and operate on the toeend or fore-part of the work and said marking means being located to ma'rk said toe-end while engaged by the detecting means, substantially as described.

35. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe-soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detectmeans to detect the thinnest spot in a connecting mechanism predetermined area,

"to set; said grading means, means to lock said grading means, and power-operated means acting independently of the setting mechanism for operating said locking means with reference to the grading means, said detecting means including mechanism constructed of the sale at all times out of engagement with said grading means, substantially astdescribed.

36. In a machine of the kind described, admg means for shoe soles, taps and the ike, combined with leather engaging detectmg means including a pressure plate for engaging one side of t e leather piece, feelera for' engagin the op osite side of the leather iece, an means or positively moving bot said pressure plate and also said feelers when so engaging a leather piece into leather-detecting position for detecting the thinnest spot engaged, and connecting mechanism controllably related to all the feelers but selectively controlled b the one nearest said plate to set said gra ing means, substantially as described.

37. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps and the like, combined with leather-engaging detect ing means, including a -pressure plate for engaging one side of theleather piece, feelers arranged to engage the opposite side of the leather iece adjacent its edge and means for positivel moving said pressure plate and also sai feelers when so engaging a leather piece into leather. detecting position for detecting the thinnest spot engaged, and

connecting mechanism controllably related to all the elers but selectively controlled by the one nearest said plate to set said grading means, substantially as described.

38. In a machine of the kind described, grading means for shoe soles, taps, and the like, combined with leather-engaging detecting means, including mechanisms for engaging" the opposite si es of the leather piece, said machine having an inlet and outlet for the leather piece at one side of the machine only and means for preventing the escape of the leather piece excepting at said outlet, connecting mechanism actuated by said detecting means to set said grading means, and power operating mechanism for actuating said detecting means, said power operating mechanism being constructed and arranged to operate said detecting means during short intervals between relatively long intervals of inaction, substantiall as described.

39. In a machine of-tl ie kind described, a plurality of feeleis spaced apart both widthwise and lengthwise of the machine, means for maintaining said feelers at all ,times in vertical position, said feelers being relatively movable laterally into position to operate on the'side of a leather piece adjacent its edge, means normally maintaining the ends of said feelers {ieldingly in the same horizontalplane w en not feeling, transmitting mechanism responsive to the thinness-detecting movements of at least one of said feelers,

of feelers having a detecting'movement in a direction toward the leather piece, and at least some of the feelers having also an independent movement with relation to each other to positions varying in the direction of the length and also in the direction of the width of the machine, position controller's adjacent said feelers for controlling the posit-ion of the leather piece with relation to said feelers, grade indicating means, and transmitting mechanism from said feelers to the indicatin means for actuating the latter, substantia ly'as described.

-l-l. In a machine of the kind described, detecting mechanism, including n plurality of feelers having a detecting movement in a direction toward the leather piece and also having a lateral movement with relation to each other for positionin them to operate on the edges of said leatiier piece, position controllers capable of controlling the position of the leather piece in the machine and with relation to the feelers, grade indicating means, and transmitting mechanism connected tothe feelers for controlling the indicating; cans in accordance with the deteetingmovement of at least one of the feelers, substantially as described.

42. In a machine of the kind described,v

a' plurality of feelers, means for maintaining said feelers at all times in vertical'position,

, aid feelers having movement independently laterally for positioning them to operate on theedges of a leather piece, position controllers adjacent said feelers for controlling the position of the leather piece, means norfm'all -"main'taining the feeling surfaces of sa'id fcleisfyieldingly in 'tliesam'e horizonta! plane, when inactive, grading means, 3'9:

'l'f; grading means in accordance with the movefian'smitting' mechanism for adjusting 1 the nie'nts'of at least one of said feelers, and for pressing the leather pieceagainst theeiids of said feelers, substantially as des i d.

'13. In a machine of the kind 'des'cribed, .a' plate, mechanism to detect the thinnest snot cf'a" plurality of thin spots of a prescribed areaQ'including aplurality of feelcr pins-vertically mounted yieldingly in said 1 tigte wreeeive a piece of: leather on their "ialitween said'g'rading m'eans and said feeler .'-pii1s"re's'ponsive to the pm Wlllbll detects the iv. :aends, and a pressure plate above said.

ig'celers fol: pressing the leather hard down upon yielding feeler pins, grading means, and connecting actuating mechanism thlnnest'spot for transmitting to the grading mcaiis the detecting movement of the said pin'substantially as'described.

44; In a machine of the kind described, means for detecting a thin spot in a leather piece, a grade marker, connecting means controlled bysaid detecting means for setting said guide marker, 0. locking device for directly locking said grade marker when set,

'means for releasing the locking device, a

slide for supporting and operating said marker, and means for moving said slide and marker phsitirely into ma l-king position substantially as described.

45. In a machine of the kind described, means for detecting a (hill spot in a leather piece. a grade marker, connecting means controlled by said detecting means for set- 76 ting said grade marker, :1 locking device for directly locking said grade marker when set, means for releasing the locking device, a slide for supporting and operating said marker, and means for moving said slide 80 and marker positively into marking position on the leather piece while engaged by said detecting means substantially as described.

46. In a machine of the kind described,

means for detecting a thin spot in a leather piece, a grade marker, connecting means controlled by said detecting means for scttingsaid grade marker, a slide for supportin and operating, said marker, and a slidslots to {2a of and determine thin spots in a leather piece, grade indicating means, means to more the pins for their feeling operation, and connecting mechanism controlled by said feeler pins for setting said grade indicating means substantially as described.

48. In a machine of the kind described, carrier plates separated to form a pocket adapted to receive a pattern for predetermining' the area and contour to be 'felt of, said plates having divergent slots opening into said pocket, feelcr pins movably mounted in said slots to feel of and determine thin spots in a leather piece, means to so move the pins, grade indicating-means, a slotted licad engaged by said feeler pins, said pins being movable independently of said head when engaged by thick spots of the leather piece, and controlling the position of 581d head when engaging a thin spot of the leather piece, and connecting means from aid head to said grade indicating means for setting the latter 2n accordance Wllll said controlled position of said head suhstantially as described. I

49. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a plurality pf detectors independently movable mgrippmg relation to the work, a relatively rigid device extending op osite to all of said detectors and adapte to engage over one flat side of a leathenpiece to coiiperate with said detectors to grip the work between salt, device and the detectors, means for "providing a relative movement toward one other of said detcctors and gripging device, vvhereby the stofl: is enga d ere by onits opposite flat sides, and se ective means controlled by at least one of the'detectors for selecting and indicatin the thicknessof the thinnest por ticn of t e stock by the detectors 50. A niachinefl ofthe class described, having, in combination, means to engage a piece of stock on one flat side and to contribute to maintain the 'same flat when the stock is hard pressed thereby, a plurality, of detectors spaced'apart to engage the stock adiaccnt its edges on the other fiat'side, means for relativelv moving'said detectors and said engaging means directly toward each other in gripping, relation to the stock sufi'lcient for the dete'ctin operation, and selective means controlled 'yat least one of the said detectors for indicating solely the thickness of the thinnest portion of the stock engaged by the detectors. 4

51. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, means against whicha piece cf stock may be gripped,"detecting means comprising a? lurality of detectors independently movab e in the direction of said means, an actuator for causing one of said means to approach the other whereby the stock is ripped therebetwe'en, means for moving said actuator, and means controllably relat'ed to all the detectors'but selectively controlled by' the one or ones nearest said first named means and including a single common member actuated -to indicate the thickness of the stock engaged by such one or ones of the detectors.

52. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, means against which a piece of stock may be gripped, a plurality of detectors movable in the direction bfsaid means either collective] or independently, means for producing rehitive movement between said d 'ect'orsand said first named means to grip the stock between them in a plurality of plac es and means controllably related to all the detectors but selectively controlled by the one or ones nearestsaid -first named means and including a single common member actuated to indicate the thickness of the stock engaged by such one or ones of the detectors.

A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a substantially rigid plate against which a piece of stock may be gripped flatwise, detecting mcans,comprising a plurality of detectors located opposite and in line with said plateand independently movable in the direction of said plate,

an actuator for moving said plate toward said detectors to grip the stock forcibly fiat- Wise against the detectors, and means controlled by the detecting means for indicating the thickness of the thinnest portion of the stock engaged by thc detectors.

54; A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a vertically movable device against which a piece of stock may be gripped flatwise, a plurality of detectors movable within the area of said device in the direction of said device either collectively or independently, means for positively moving said device toward said detectors to grip; the stock against the latter in a plurahty'ofplaces, and selective means capable of responding to an one of the detectors, according as the-thic mess of different pieces' of stock may require and always controlled by that one detector' which is permitted by any given piece of stoclcto come nearest to said device for indicating the distance be g tween the two.

55. A machine of the kind described, having, in combination, engging means for engaging one side of a piece of stock, means f cr, gripping said niece against said engaging means and for holding it in such position, and selective means for selecting and indicating sblely the thinnest portion so gripped, substantially as described.

56. A machine of the kind described, having, in combination, means against which a piece of stock may be pressed, yielding mechanism cotiperating with said means to press said piece against said means and to grip it in such position, actuating means for giving sald pressing mechanism a gri ping old on the iece, and selective means fiir de- -terminin t e thinnest portion so pressed and gra 'ng the stockaccording to said thinnest portion, substantially as described.

57, A machine of the kind described, hav;

ing, in combination, means for engaging a piece of stock in at least three divergently separated placesapproximately simultaneously, actuating mechanism for said engaging means, and selective means for selecting and visibly indicatin the thickness of the stock at the thinnest p ace ofsaidat least three divergentl separated lacs so engaged simultaneous y,substantia 1y asde; scribed.

\l 58. .A machine of theiki'nd described .having,'in combination, means for yieldingly engaging a piece of stock in at leastthree diver-gently separated laces approximately simultaneously, actuat mechanism for said yielding engaging means and selective means for detecting and visibly indicating the thickness of the stdck at, the thinnest of the three or more places thusjsimnltaneously engaged, substantially as described;

59. A machine of thelrind described, having, in combination, engaging gns for engaging on1 side ofthe stock,- a plurality of relatively movable detectors to engage the opposite side of the stock, an actuator for causing said engaging means and detectors engaging one side of a piece of stock, a plurality of relatively movable detectors for engaging the other side of said piece of stock, means for producing relative movement between said detectors and engaging means to gri the stock in a plurality of places, so as a to old it stationary while being detected,

means for classifying the stock as to thickness mefifi for controlling said classifying means, and means including said detector's for setting said controlling means in accordance with the thinnest portion of the stock so gripped, substantially as described.

61. A machine ofthe kind, described, having,- in combination, engaging means for cnga 'ng one side of the stock, 'a plurality of re atively movable detectors, means for producing relative movement between said detectors and engaging means to grip and hold stationary the stock in a plurahty of places, and means for visibly indicating the shortest distance between vthe engaging means and that detector which is nearest to the latter, substantiallyas described; V

62-. A machine of the'kind described, having, in combination engaging means for engaging one side 0 the stock, a plurality of detectors, means includingl springs permitting said detectors toyie d, means for causing relativemovement between said dotectors and engaging means to grip the stock, and means'controllably related to all the detectors but selectivelycontrqHed by the one nearest said engaging' means for grading the st k according to'the thickness of the thinn portion of the stock so gripped, substa tially as described 63. Amachine of the kind described, having, in combination, engaging means for engagin one side of a piece of stock, a pluralit'y o detectors for engaging the opposite side of the piece of stock, mean'sincludmg a 'se' arate sprin for each detector for perfmltting said etectors to yield, means for causing said stock to be gripped and held 'f-lntvileen said engagiln 1means and detectors, a

and means contro y'related to all 7 the detectors but selectively controlled byQIthe one nearest said on aging means for-fig ing the stock acc r ing to the thicknes ioi the thinnest portion of the stock so gripped, substantially as described.

64. A machine of the kind described, having, in combination, engaging means for engaging one side of a piece of stock, a plurality of detectors, means for causing said stock-to be gripped and heldstationary against lateral movement between said dctectors and engaging means with an increasing pressure, and means controllably re lated to all the detectors but selectively con trolled by the one nearest said engaging means for grading the stock according to the thickness of the thinnest portion so gripped, substantially as described.-

65. A machine of the kind described, having, in combination, means for engaging a sole simultaneouslyat a series of separated spots throughout a predetermined extent of themargin thereof and for holding said sole from movement, a grading controller, and automatic means including said engaging 'mcans for setting said controller in accordance \viththe thinnest spot of said? series so simultaneously engaged, substantially as described.

' 66. A machine of the kind described, haw ing, in combination, engaging means for en gaging one side of a piece of stock, a plurality of relatively movable detectors, means for 'holding said engaging means and detectors from movement across said piece as well as from movement longitudinally thereof during theoperation upon said piece of stock, means for causing relative movement between said engaging means and detectors in a direction approximately perpendicular *0 the plane of said iece whereby said piece is engaged in severe places, and means controllably related to all the detectors but selectively controlled by the one nearest said engaging means for grading said piece according to the thickness of the thinnest place so engaged, substantially as described.

I 67. A' machine of the kind described. have ing, in combination, engaging means or engaging one side of a piece o f stock, and holding-sald stock stationary with relation to the detectors while being graded, a plurality of relatively movable detectors, means for mov ing said detectors into gripping contact with said stock and for holding them in such position, and means responsiveto that detector which is nearest the said engagi means for grading the stock according to't e thinnest portion engaged by said detectors, substantially as described. 7

v 68. In a machine for detecting the thin-- nest place in a given area ofa piece of stock of varying thickness, engaging means for engaging one side of said piece of stock, a series of detectors, a spring for each detector tending to move its detector toward said engaging means in opposition to an actuator. combined with said actuator to oppose said spring tendency and to efiect a pressingof the stock between said engaging means and the detectors, means to move said actuator toward the stock whereby the latter is PESSBd on one side by said enga ing means ing to the thinnest point so pressed in the leather piece, substantially as described.

70. In a grading machine for leather soles and died out pieces of leather, the combination with engaging means for engagingone side of a died out piece, of a plurality of detectors arranged approximately perpendicular to said engaging means and dis used in a'curve similar to the outline of t e died out piece, operating means to grip said engaging means and detectors against theleather-piece, mcans to individually accommodate said detectors to variations in the thinness of the leather piece, and means cotiperating with said detectors for grading the leather piece accord ing to the thinnest point detected in the edge of the leather piece substantially as described.

71 A machine of the kind described, having,'in combination, means against hich a piece of stock may be gripped, detecting means comprising a lurality of detectors independently movab e in the direction of saidmeans, an actuator for causing one of said means to approach the other' whereby the stock is gripped thcrebetween, means for moving said actuator, and 'means controllably related to all of said detectors but selectively controlled by the one which 'is nearest to said first mentioned means for grading the stock according to the thickness of the thinnest portion of the stock engaged by the detectors, substantially as described;

72. A machine of the kind described, having, in combination, means against which a piece of stock may be gripped. a plurality of detectors movable in the direction of said means either collectively or independently, means for producing relative movement between said first mentioned means and said detectors to grip the stock in a plurality of places, and means controlled by that deteetnr which is nearest to said tors and to cooperate with said first mentinned means in gripping the stock between the detectors and said first mentioned means,

and means controllably related to all the detectors but selectively controlled bythe one or ones nearest said firSLnamed means and including a single common member actuated to grade the stoek according to the thickness of the stock enga ed by such one or ones of the detectors, su stantially as described.

74. A machine of the hind described, haw ing', in combination, engaging means for en gaging one side of a iece of stock, a plus rality of independent y movable detectors for engaging t e opposite side of the stock, means for permitting all of said detectors to engage said stock and for maintaining them in gripping engagement therewith, and means controllabl detectors but selective y controlled by the one or ones nearest said first named means and including a single common memher actuated to grade the stock according to the thickness of the stock engaged by such one or ones of the detectors, substan tially as described.

75. In a machine of the kind described, means adapted to engage the stock over an extended area for flattening out the wrinkles and bends both lengthwise and widthwise in said area, including a series of post like detectors to engage one side of the stock at :1 plurality of places separated from each other both lengthwise and 'widthwise over. said area and mechanism acting in opposi e tion to said flattening means to engage the other side of the stock, combined with means eontrollably related to all the detectors but. selectively controlled by. the one or 0am nearest said engaging mechanism to grade the stock according to the thickness of the: stock engagedfby such one or ones of tlib detectors, substantially as described.

76. A machine of the kind described, com.- prising engaging means for engagi one side of a leather piece, a plurality vertically movable detectors for engagi =the opposite side of the leather piece an posed in a curve approximately similar to the shape of the adjacentfportion oi the leather piece, yielding means for maintaining said detectors in engagement with the leather piece, a vertica ly movable hori' zontal member in position to be actuated by any one of said detectors, supporting and guiding means for said member mounted to restrict said member to vertical movement, means normally tending to move said member-in opposition to saiddetectors, and means actuated by said member and thereby controllably related to all the detectors but selecti ely controlled by the one or'ones nearest said first named means for grad- 10 ing the stock according to the thickness of ELMER P. NICHOLS.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. MAXWELL, WM. J. PIKE.

by any one of said detectors, supporting and guidingmeans for sald member mounted to restrict said member to vertlcal movement, means normally tending to move said. member'in opposition to said idetectors, and means actuated by said member and thereby o'ontrollably related to all the detectors the stock engaged by such one or ones of the detectors, substantially as descrlbed.

In testimony whereof, I have slgned my name to this specification, 1n the presence of two subscribmg Witnesses.

ELMER P. NICHOLS.

but selectively controlled by the one or'ones Witnesses:

nearest said first named means for grad- Geo. H. MAXWELL,

I WM. J. PIKE.

10 ing the. stock'a-ocording to the thickness of It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,113,472Qgranted October 13,-

au i' improvement in Leather-Grading Machines, errors appear in the printed spe'cificationre'quiring correction as follows: Page 6, lines 95 and 107, for the word position read stock-positioning; same page, lines 98 and 108, for the compound Word :stock-positioning read position; same Page, line 109, after the word being insert the word both; page 12, line 103, after the word area, insert the both lengthwise and widthwise; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thesecorrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the cese in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 10th day of November, A. D., 1914.

R. F. WHITEHEAD,

Acting Oammz'nioner of Patent.

1914, upon the application of Elmer P. Nichols, of Manchester, New Hampshire, for I words both lengthwise and widthwise; same page, line 104, strike out the words It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,113,472, granted October 13, 1914, upon the application of Elmer P. Nichols, of Manchester, New Hampshire, for an improvement in Leather-Grading Machines, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 6, lines 95 and 107, for the word position read stock-positioning; same page, lines 98 and 108, for the compound word stock-positioning read position; same page, line 109, after the Ward being insert the word both; page 12, line 103, after the word area, insert the words both lengthwise and widthwise; same page, line 104, strike out the words both lengthwise and widthwise; and thet the said Letters Patent should be read with thesecorrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 10th day of November, A. D., 1914.

R. F. WHITEHEAD,

[any] Acting Omnmiuionar of Puma. 

